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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...
Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body being...
Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Phase-Resolved Functional Lung MRI for Pulmonary Ventilation and Perfusion (V/Q) Assessment
05:56

Phase-Resolved Functional Lung MRI for Pulmonary Ventilation and Perfusion (V/Q) Assessment

Published on: August 9, 2024

Computed tomography perfusion imaging denoising using gaussian process regression.

Fan Zhu1, Trevor Carpenter, David Rodriguez Gonzalez

  • 1Data-Intensive Research Group, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. F.Zhu@ed.ac.uk

Physics in Medicine and Biology
|May 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) significantly enhances brain perfusion CT imaging by improving contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and image quality. This novel method offers superior noise reduction and clearer haemodynamic maps for stroke diagnosis.

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3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography
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3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography

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Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Phase-Resolved Functional Lung MRI for Pulmonary Ventilation and Perfusion (V/Q) Assessment
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3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography
07:01

3D Imaging of Soft-Tissue Samples using an X-ray Specific Staining Method and Nanoscopic Computed Tomography

Published on: October 24, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiology
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT perfusion imaging is crucial for acute stroke diagnosis.
  • CT images often have low contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) due to radiation limits.
  • Existing denoising methods primarily focus on 3D spatial data, neglecting 4D temporal information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel method for improving CNR in 4D brain perfusion CT images.
  • To leverage temporal information in perfusion data for enhanced image quality.
  • To assess the effectiveness of Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) in noise reduction and haemodynamic map improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) to denoise 4D brain perfusion CT data.
  • Exploited temporal information inherent in perfusion imaging.
  • Compared GPR performance against existing 3D denoising techniques.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a 99% CNR improvement over raw images.
  • Enhanced the quality of haemodynamic maps, improving edge and detail identification.
  • GPR provided stable baselines, identified key tissue parameters, and reduced curve oscillations at the voxel level.
  • Demonstrated superiority over comparable denoising techniques.

Conclusions:

  • GPR is a highly effective method for denoising 4D brain perfusion CT images.
  • The approach significantly improves CNR and the quality of haemodynamic maps.
  • GPR offers substantial advantages over conventional denoising methods for stroke imaging.