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Updated: Aug 8, 2026

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Optimized Negative Staining: a High-throughput Protocol for Examining Small and Asymmetric Protein Structure by Electron Microscopy
Published on: August 15, 2014
Electron microscopy study of human myeloma immunoglobulin G1
S N Ryazantsev1, V M Abramov, V P Zav'yalov
1Institute of Immunology, Moscow Region, Chekhov District, USSR.
FEBS Letters
|November 26, 1990
Abstract:
Human immunoglobulin G1 Van was studied by negative staining, freeze drying and high resolution shadow casting. The Fab and Fc subunits of an intact IgG1 molecule were shown to possess limited mobility. It was found that about 70% of molecules in the IgG1 Van specimen are not flat but have a tripod-like shape.

