Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 22, 2026
04:26
Accessing the Porcine Brain via High-Speed Pneumatic Drill Craniectomy
Published on: July 5, 2024
Tissue interactions between craniosynostotic dura mater and bone.
Gregory M Cooper1, Emily L Durham, James J Cray
1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA. Greg.Cooper@chp.edu
The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|May 26, 2012
Summary
Cells from craniosynostosis (CS) dura mater promote abnormal bone cell growth. Blocking CS dura mater reduced bone formation, suggesting dura mater plays a key role in CS development.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial development
- Cell biology
- Regenerative medicine
Background:
- The dura mater is implicated in cranial suture patency and fusion.
- Craniosynostosis (CS) involves premature suture fusion, potentially due to abnormal dura mater osteoprogenitor cell differentiation.
- This study investigates differences in dura mater cells from CS rabbits versus normal rabbits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare dura mater cells from wild-type (WT) and congenital craniosynostosis (CS) rabbits.
- To assess the impact of CS dura mater on osteogenic differentiation in vitro and in vivo.
- To explore the cellular interactions contributing to craniosynostosis.
Main Methods:
- Dura mater cells were isolated from WT and CS rabbits.
- Cells were stimulated with bone morphogenetic protein 4 to assess alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and proliferation.
- Coculture experiments with bone-derived cells and in vivo manipulations were performed.
Main Results:
- CS dura mater cells exhibited faster proliferation but not increased ALP activity compared to WT cells.
- CS dura mater cells induced higher ALP activity in CS bone-derived cells, but not WT bone-derived cells.
- In vivo, a physical barrier inhibited dura mater-derived osteogenesis.
Conclusions:
- Coculture of CS bone and dura mater cells induced an abnormal phenotype in vitro.
- Inhibiting the CS dura mater in vivo decreased bone formation.
- Further research will identify signaling molecules mediating communication between CS bone and dura mater tissues.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:22Sutures of the Skull
The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
01:19Cranial and Spinal Meninges
The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
01:14Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
01:27Cranial Bones: Lateral View
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
01:08Overview of the Skull
The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
01:29Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification
Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...