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Ionizing radiation increases systemic nanoparticle tumor accumulation.

Andrew J Giustini1, Alicia A Petryk, P Jack Hoopes

  • 1The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA. andrew.j.giustini.th@dartmouth.edu

Nanomedicine : Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine
|May 29, 2012
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Summary
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Radiation therapy can significantly enhance nanoparticle delivery to tumors. A single radiation dose doubled the accumulation of iron oxide nanoparticles in breast tumors by reducing interstitial pressure and increasing vascular permeability.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nanomedicine
  • Radiotherapy

Background:

  • Nanoparticle-based therapies offer promising avenues for cancer imaging and treatment.
  • Effective cancer therapy with nanoparticles necessitates substantial accumulation within the tumor microenvironment.
  • Strategies to enhance nanoparticle tumor uptake include peptide conjugation, immune-evading polymers, and tumor microenvironment modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of radiation therapy on the tumor accumulation of systemically delivered nanoparticles.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for radiation-induced changes in nanoparticle biodistribution.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a syngeneic mouse breast tumor model.
  • Administered a single 15-Gy dose of radiation.
  • Evaluated the accumulation of systemically delivered iron oxide nanoparticles in tumors.
  • Measured tumor interstitial pressure and vascular permeability.

Main Results:

  • A single 15-Gy radiation dose resulted in a twofold increase in tumor accumulation of iron oxide nanoparticles.
  • This enhanced nanoparticle accumulation correlated with a radiation-induced decrease in tumor interstitial pressure.
  • Radiation treatment led to a subsequent increase in tumor vascular permeability.

Conclusions:

  • Radiation therapy can be employed as a strategy to enhance nanoparticle delivery to solid tumors.
  • The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in tumors can be intensified by radiation, improving nanoparticle uptake.
  • This approach holds potential for improving the efficacy of nanoparticle-based cancer therapies.