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Emotional impact on trail making test performance.

C S Gass1, S K Daniel

  • 1Veterans Administration Hospital, Miami, Florida.

Psychological Reports
|October 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Emotional factors like anxiety and psychotic symptoms can impact Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) performance. However, TMT-B is generally resilient, and the MMPI can help differentiate emotional effects from brain damage.

Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Psychological Assessment

Background:

  • The Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B) assesses executive functions, including cognitive flexibility and processing speed.
  • Emotional factors can influence cognitive test performance, but their specific impact on TMT-B in non-brain-damaged individuals requires clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the influence of emotional factors, assessed via the MMPI, on TMT-B performance in individuals without brain damage.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed 105 neuropsychological referrals with no evidence of brain damage.
  • Administered the Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B).
  • Utilized the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) to measure emotional factors, specifically Scales 6, 7, and 8.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • TMT-B scores showed a decline with elevated MMPI scores on Scales 6 (Paranoia), 7 (Psychasthenia), and 8 (Schizophrenia).
  • Only a small subset of participants (nine) performed within the impaired range on TMT-B.
  • The MMPI provided objective criteria to help differentiate emotional influences from potential neurological deficits.

Conclusions:

  • TMT-B performance demonstrates resilience against many emotional influences.
  • Severe anxiety and psychotic symptoms can impair TMT-B performance, but typically less severely than brain damage.
  • The MMPI is a valuable tool for ruling out emotional effects on TMT-B performance in neuropsychological assessments.