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[From posture to initiation of movement]
1Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles, CNRS Marseille.
Revue Neurologique
|January 1, 1990
Summary
The central nervous system coordinates posture and movement through anticipatory postural adjustments, crucial for maintaining balance during purposeful actions. These learned adjustments, involving brain structures, ensure precise goal-directed movements.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Motor Control
- Biomechanics
Context:
- Human posture involves modular organization and global regulation (postural tone).
- Equilibrium relies on sensory feedback (visual, labyrinthine, proprioceptive) and a postural body schema.
- Movement requires coordination between posture and equilibrium, managed by the central nervous system.
Purpose:
- To explore the coordination of posture and movement by the central nervous system.
- To elucidate the role of anticipatory postural adjustments in maintaining stability during goal-directed actions.
- To identify central brain structures involved in organizing anticipatory postural adjustments.
Summary:
- Purposeful movements necessitate balancing contradictory constraints: segment motion and postural stabilization.
- Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) are learned synergies that stabilize the body during movement.
- These APAs are organized by central brain structures, including basal ganglia and premotor areas, crucial for precise motor control.
Impact:
- Understanding APAs offers insights into motor control deficits in neurological conditions like spasticity and cerebellar disorders.
- Highlights the importance of basal ganglia and premotor areas in coordinating posture and movement.
- Suggests a specific pathology of APAs should be considered in neurological assessments.