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Incontinence in Individuals with Rett Syndrome: A Comparative Study
Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities
|May 29, 2012
Summary
Incontinence, including urinary and faecal issues, is common in females with Rett Syndrome (RS). However, it is not considered part of the RS behavioral phenotype, though an increased risk for solid stool exists.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Genetics
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Rett Syndrome (RS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder.
- Incontinence is a common concern in individuals with intellectual disabilities.
- The specific characteristics and prevalence of incontinence in females with RS require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the frequency and type of incontinence in females with Rett Syndrome.
- To explore the association of incontinence with other variables in RS.
- To compare incontinence patterns in RS with a control group of females with non-specific intellectual disability.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 63 females with RS and 26 females with intellectual disability were assessed.
- An adapted Dutch version of the 'Parental Questionnaire: Enuresis/Urinary Incontinence' was utilized.
- Incontinence data from RS and control groups were compared.
Main Results:
- Urinary incontinence (daytime and nocturnal) and faecal incontinence are frequent in females with RS.
- Incontinence in RS is primarily and occurs independently of age or adaptive functioning.
- Solid stool, lower urinary tract symptoms, and urinary tract infections are also common in RS; solid stool was more prevalent than in controls.
Conclusions:
- Incontinence is not a core feature of the Rett Syndrome behavioral phenotype.
- Females with Rett Syndrome have an increased risk for developing solid stool issues.
- Further research may explore underlying mechanisms for these gastrointestinal and urinary issues in RS.
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