Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Value Explicit Pretraining for Learning Transferable Representations.

IEEE robotics and automation letters·2026
Same author

The Canadian multi-ethnic research on aging (CAMERA) study: Design, participant characteristics, and preliminary findings.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Age is not necessarily a determinant: labral reconstruction of the hip demonstrates improved patient-reported outcomes in adults aged 60 years and older.

Journal of hip preservation surgery·2026
Same author

Learning to Blink Strategically Is Crucial to Performance in a Predictable Saccade Task and Varies Across the Lifespan.

Journal of cognitive neuroscience·2026
Same author

Biomarkers.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same author

Biomarkers.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 22, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
06:46

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

Linking visual response properties in the superior colliculus to saccade behavior.

Robert A Marino1, Ron Levy, Susan Boehnke

  • 1Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|May 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The superior colliculus (SC) visual response influences eye movement commands. Changes in stimulus brightness alter SC signals, directly impacting saccade behavior and metrics.

More Related Videos

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
09:27

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles

Published on: August 25, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 22, 2026

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity
06:46

Investigating the Deployment of Visual Attention Before Accurate and Averaging Saccades via Eye Tracking and Assessment of Visual Sensitivity

Published on: March 18, 2019

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
09:27

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles

Published on: August 25, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Oculomotor control
  • Sensory-motor integration

Background:

  • The superior colliculus (SC) integrates sensory, motor, and cognitive signals for oculomotor control.
  • Understanding the SC's role in transforming visual input into motor commands for eye movements is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how visual responses in the SC influence the development of motor commands for saccadic eye movements.
  • To determine the correlation between SC visual response properties and saccade behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Monkeys were used to study saccadic eye movements.
  • Stimulus luminance was varied to modulate visual responses in the SC.
  • Correlations between SC signal modulations and saccade metrics were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Increasing target luminance enhanced the magnitude and decreased the onset latency of visual responses in the SC.
  • These modulations in SC visual responses strongly correlated with changes in saccade latency and metrics.
  • The earliest components of the SC visual response were found to be critical for sensory-motor transformation.

Conclusions:

  • The properties of the visual response in the SC are essential for determining saccade timing, location, and speed.
  • This study highlights a critical link between SC visual response characteristics and saccade behavior.
  • The findings provide insights into the neural basis of sensory-motor transformations in eye movements.