Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

A Rat Model of Pressure Overload Induced Moderate Remodeling and Systolic Dysfunction as Opposed to Overt Systolic Heart Failure
07:13

A Rat Model of Pressure Overload Induced Moderate Remodeling and Systolic Dysfunction as Opposed to Overt Systolic Heart Failure

Published on: April 30, 2020

Left ventricle remodeling in men with moderate to severe volume-dependent hypertension

Tomás Indra1, Robert Holaj, Tomás Zelinka

  • 13rd Department of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. tomas.indra@vfn.cz

Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS
|May 31, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Increased intravascular volume impacts heart anatomy in specific hypertension types. Plasma volume overload, not just blood pressure, drives left ventricle remodeling in primary aldosteronism and low-renin essential hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Salt-sensitive hypertension subtypes, including primary aldosteronism (PA) and low-renin essential hypertension (LREH), are associated with increased intravascular volume.
  • The specific impact of plasma volume expansion on cardiac anatomy in these conditions requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of increased intravascular volume on left ventricle (LV) dimensions and morphology in patients with PA and LREH compared to normal-renin essential hypertension (NREH).

Main Methods:

  • Echocardiography was performed in 128 male patients with moderate to severe or resistant hypertension.
  • Patients were categorized into PA (n=44), LREH (n=40), and NREH (n=44) groups, comparable in demographics, blood pressure, and treatment history.

Main Results:

  • Patients with PA and LREH exhibited significantly greater LV end-systolic and end-diastolic diameters compared to NREH patients.
  • While LV wall thickness and mass were similar, PA and LREH groups showed a higher prevalence of eccentric hypertrophy.
  • Aldosterone levels correlated positively with LV cavity dimensions, whereas blood pressure correlated with LV wall thickness.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma volume overload is a key determinant of LV remodeling in PA and LREH, contributing to eccentric hypertrophy.
  • These findings highlight the role of volume status, beyond blood pressure, in cardiac structural changes in specific hypertensive disorders.

More Related Videos

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

Studying Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Aortic Debanding in Rodents07:26

Studying Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Aortic Debanding in Rodents

Published on: July 14, 2021

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...