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Updated: May 21, 2026

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
Published on: July 21, 2020
[Comparison of central visual field visualization while using a combination of spherical intraocular lenses with
Tatsushi Kaga1, Hiroshi Uozato, Takushi Kawamorita
1Department of Ophthalmology, Social Insurance Chukyo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan. kaga@chukyogroup.jp
Objective:
To investigate intraocular lens (IOL) and vitreous contact lens (VCL) combinations that provide good central visual field visualization in vitreous surgery.
Method:
ZEMAX optical design software was used to perform optical simulations using the ray tracing method on a Gullstrand eye model. The implanted IOL was assumed to consist of material with a refractive index of 1.550 (high refractive index acrylic IOL), 1.470 (low refractive index acrylic IOL) and 1.413 (silicon IOL), and was set as a biconvex spherical lens (optical diameter 6 mm, 23.5 D). The VCL was assumed to have a refractive index of 1.900 (HEMA VCL), 1.490 (PMMA VCL) and 1.413 (silicon VCL), and was set as a concave lens (optical diameter 10 mm) with a flat anterior surface and a posterior surface with a radius of curvature of 7.70 mm. The spherical aberration of the overall optical system, including the IOL-implanted eyeball and the VCL, was calculated.
Results:
Spherical aberration was lowest with the silicon VCL for the high refractive index acrylic IOL and with the PMMA VCL for the low refractive index acrylic and silicon IOLs.
Conclusion:
The combinations providing the best central visual field visualization in vitreous surgery are a silicon VCL for implantation of a high refractive index acrylic IOL and a PMMA VCL for implantation of a low refractive index acrylic or silicon IOL.
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