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Related Concept Videos

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization01:12

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization

Error is the deviation of the obtained result from the true, expected value or the estimated central value. Errors are expressed in absolute or relative terms.
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...
Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a bonus...
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning because...
Trial and Error and Algorithm01:12

Trial and Error and Algorithm

A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light bulb,...
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Introduction to Learning

Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
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[CIRRNET® - learning from errors, a success story].

O Frank1, M Hochreutener, P Wiederkehr

  • 1Stiftung für Patientensicherheit Schweiz, Zurich. frank@patientensicherheit.ch

Therapeutische Umschau. Revue Therapeutique
|June 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The CIRRNET® network collects and analyzes patient safety errors from Swiss healthcare institutions. This data informs recommendations (Quick-Alerts®) to improve patient care and prevent future medical errors.

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Area of Science:

  • Patient Safety
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement
  • Medical Error Analysis

Context:

  • The Swiss Patient Safety Foundation established CIRRNET® in 2006.
  • Currently includes 39 healthcare institutions across Switzerland.
  • Operates in collaboration with the Swiss Society for Anaesthesiology and Resuscitation (SGAR).

Purpose:

  • To establish a supraregional network for local error reporting.
  • To analyze medical error reports using WHO classification.
  • To identify critical patient safety problem areas.

Summary:

  • CIRRNET® bundles and analyzes error reports from diverse medical fields.
  • Expert analysis identifies key patient safety issues.
  • Recommendations (Quick-Alerts®) are developed to modify care processes and prevent errors.

Impact:

  • Provides a robust database for identifying patient safety vulnerabilities.
  • Facilitates learning from others' errors for continuous improvement.
  • Quick-Alerts® are approved and accepted by medical associations, promoting widespread adoption.