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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

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Updated: May 21, 2026

Iris Fixation via External Pentagram Suturing

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Published on: May 5, 2022

Update on peripheral ulcerative keratitis.

Ayse Yagci¹

¹Ege University, School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Izmir, Turkey.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)

|June 2, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis, often linked to rheumatoid arthritis, involves autoimmune inflammation of the cornea. Advanced treatments like infliximab may be necessary for severe cases unresponsive to standard therapies.

Keywords:

autoimmune disease peripheral ulcerative keratitis treatment tumor necrosis factor-alpha

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Published on: August 2, 2024

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Rheumatology
Immunology

Background:

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is an autoimmune inflammatory condition affecting the perilimbal cornea.
It is frequently associated with systemic autoimmune diseases, most commonly rheumatoid arthritis.
The limbal conjunctiva's unique characteristics facilitate immune complex access to the peripheral cornea.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and management of peripheral ulcerative keratitis.
To highlight the association between PUK and systemic autoimmune disorders.
To discuss current and emerging therapeutic strategies for PUK.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on peripheral ulcerative keratitis and associated systemic diseases.
Analysis of immunopathogenic mechanisms involving immune complex deposition and vasculitis.
Evaluation of treatment outcomes for various therapeutic modalities.

Main Results:

Immune complex deposition in limbal vessels triggers immune-mediated vasculitis, leading to corneal inflammation and damage.
Severe PUK can be vision-threatening, often accompanied by scleritis and risk of corneal perforation.
Systemic corticosteroids are first-line, with immunosuppressants and cytotoxic agents needed for multisystem involvement.

Conclusions:

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis is a serious condition requiring prompt diagnosis and management, often linked to underlying systemic autoimmune disease.
Treatment necessitates a multi-faceted approach, including immunosuppression for severe or refractory cases.
Biologic agents like infliximab show promise for treatment-resistant PUK, but require careful monitoring due to potential side effects.