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Related Concept Videos

Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA (thiogalactoside...
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Operons

Prokaryotes can control gene expression through operons—DNA sequences consisting of regulatory elements and clustered, functionally related protein-coding genes. Operons use a single promoter sequence to initiate transcription of a gene cluster (i.e., a group of structural genes) into a single mRNA molecule. The terminator sequence ends transcription. An operator sequence, located between the promoter and structural genes, prohibits the operon’s transcriptional activity if bound by a repressor...
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Visualization and Analysis of mRNA Molecules Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
07:00

Visualization and Analysis of mRNA Molecules Using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: June 14, 2013

Quantum-like interference effect in gene expression: glucose-lactose destructive interference.

Irina Basieva, Andrei Khrennikov, Masanori Ohya

    Systems and Synthetic Biology
    |June 2, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Microscopic biological systems show complex, non-classical probabilistic behavior. Quantum-like models, inspired by quantum mechanics but not physical quantum processes, may explain this adaptive dynamics in systems biology.

    Keywords:
    Differentiation of tooth stem cellE. coli growthInterference of PrPC and PrPSc prionsLactose-glucose interferenceMesenchymal cellNonclassical probabilistic behaviorQuantum-like interference

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    Area of Science:

    • Systems Biology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Theoretical Biology

    Background:

    • Microscopic biological systems exhibit complex probabilistic behaviors.
    • Classical probabilistic dynamics fail to adequately describe these behaviors.
    • Information complexity and adaptivity may drive non-classical dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To illustrate complex probabilistic behavior in microscopic biological systems.
    • To propose quantum-like models for describing biological system dynamics.
    • To explore the role of information complexity and adaptivity.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of example biological systems (E. coli growth, stem cell differentiation, prion behavior).
    • Conceptual framework based on quantum-like models inspired by quantum mechanics.
    • Argumentation for information-driven non-classical dynamics.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated non-classical probabilistic behavior in selected biological examples.
    • Proposed quantum-like models as a viable approach for systems biology.
    • Highlighted the influence of information complexity and adaptivity.

    Conclusions:

    • Microscopic biological systems can display quantum-like probabilistic behavior.
    • Quantum-like models offer a framework for understanding adaptive dynamics in biology.
    • Further research into non-classical behavior in molecular biology is warranted.