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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been developed.
Immunofluorescence Microscopy01:12

Immunofluorescence Microscopy

A fluorescence microscope uses fluorescent chromophores called fluorochromes, which can absorb energy from a light source and then emit this energy as visible light. Fluorochromes include naturally fluorescent substances (such as chlorophylls) and fluorescent stains that are added to the specimen to create contrast. Dyes such as Texas red and FITC are examples of fluorochromes. Other examples include the nucleic acid dyes 4’,6’-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and acridine orange.
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Quantification of Efferocytosis by Single-cell Fluorescence Microscopy
06:15

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Published on: August 18, 2018

Effusion under the microscope.

S G Chong1, Z Chauhan, E Di Nino

  • 1Mid-Western Regional Hospital, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland, sygiin@hotmail.com

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease = Archivio Monaldi Per Le Malattie Del Torace
|June 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pseudochylothorax, a rare cholesterol pleural effusion, can present asymptomatically. This case highlights a 60-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis experiencing progressive dyspnea due to this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Pseudochylothorax, also known as chyliform or cholesterol pleural effusion, is a rare condition.
  • It typically affects one side of the chest and can be asymptomatic in about one-third of cases.

Observation:

  • A 60-year-old male patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presented with worsening shortness of breath.
  • He had a history of recurrent pleural effusion over five years without a prior diagnosis.
  • Imaging revealed a new left-sided pleural effusion and a persistent small right-sided effusion.

Findings:

  • Repeat thoracentesis was performed, yielding 350 milliliters of thick, milky, tan-colored fluid.
  • The fluid analysis confirmed the characteristics of pseudochylothorax.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering pseudochylothorax in patients with recurrent or unexplained pleural effusions, particularly those with underlying inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Timely diagnosis and management are crucial for improving patient outcomes and preventing complications associated with chronic pleural effusions.