Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 21, 2026
08:34
Cryogenic Liquid Jets for High Repetition Rate Discovery Science
Published on: May 9, 2020
Testing the performance of a cryogenic visualization system on thermal counterflow by using hydrogen and deuterium
M La Mantia1, T V Chagovets, M Rotter
1Department of Low Temperature Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Praha 3, Czech Republic. lamantia@nbox.troja.mff.cuni.cz
The Review of Scientific Instruments
|June 7, 2012
Summary
Researchers developed a new visualization method to study cryogenic flows of superfluid helium-4 (4He). This technique helps analyze quantum turbulence and provides insights into fluid dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Cryogenics
- Fluid Dynamics
- Quantum Turbulence
Background:
- Unresolved problems in quantum turbulence require advanced analysis techniques.
- Superfluid helium-4 (4He) exhibits unique quantum phenomena.
- Existing methods for visualizing cryogenic flows have limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and implement an experimental apparatus for visualizing cryogenic flows of superfluid 4He.
- To address fundamental questions in quantum turbulence.
- To probe the capabilities of the new visualization setup.
Main Methods:
- Development of a novel flow visualization setup.
- Performance of thermal counterflow experiments.
- Utilizing particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) with solid hydrogen and deuterium tracers.
Main Results:
- The experimental results align with the established two-fluid model for superfluid 4He.
- Observed phenomena include particle aggregation and the behavior of rotating particles.
- Evidence for non-Gaussian tracer velocity distributions was found.
Conclusions:
- The new apparatus is effective for analyzing cryogenic flows.
- The setup has the potential to yield novel data on quantum turbulence.
- Further research can enhance understanding of superfluid hydrodynamics.
Related Concept Videos
02:41Constant Volume Calorimetry
Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
03:02Constant Pressure Calorimetry
Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...