Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...
Evolutionary Processes in Microbes01:26

Evolutionary Processes in Microbes

Microbial evolution occurs rapidly due to short generation times and a variety of genetic processes, including horizontal gene transfer, mutation, recombination, and genetic drift. These mechanisms collectively enable microbes to adapt swiftly to changing environments.Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) allows genes to move between different species and occurs through three main mechanisms: conjugation, transformation, and transduction. Conjugation involves direct cell-to-cell contact for DNA...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

PymiRa: A rapid and accurate classification tool for small non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

Disease-Attenuated Pneumococcal Biosynthesis Gene Mutants Invade the Mucosal Epithelium and Induce Innate Immunity.

The Journal of infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Extensive evolution and T cell escape by SARS-CoV-2 in a 2.5-year persistent infection of an immunocompromised host.

iScience·2026
Same author

The CSF transcriptome in adults with pneumococcal meningitis reveals compartmentalised host inflammatory responses associated with mortality.

Immunology letters·2025
Same author

Replenishing co-downregulated miR-100-5p and miR-125b-5p in malignant germ cell tumors causes growth inhibition through cell cycle disruption.

Molecular oncology·2024
Same author

Essential role of proline synthesis and the one-carbon metabolism pathways for systemic virulence of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>.

mBio·2024
Same journal

Mild oxidative stress and dietary epigenetic modulators direct DNA methylation remodeling toward stress-resilience pathways.

BMC genomics·2026
Same journal

Integrative ATAC-Seq and RNA-Seq analysis identifies key genes for intramuscular fat content in Laiwu pigs.

BMC genomics·2026
Same journal

A comprehensive long RNA landscape of multi-regional porcine lung-derived small extracellular vesicles.

BMC genomics·2026
Same journal

pGWAS-Portal: a comprehensive online platform for integrative post-genome-wide association study analysis.

BMC genomics·2026
Same journal

Physiological and transcriptomic analyses of Rosa persica in response to drought stress and functional validation of the transcription factor RpERF113-like.

BMC genomics·2026
Same journal

Integrated analysis of chromatin accessibility and transcriptome profiles in granulosa cells of sheep with different FecB genotypes.

BMC genomics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools
09:29

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

Published on: August 21, 2019

Large-scale analysis of microRNA evolution.

José Afonso Guerra-Assunção1, Anton J Enright

  • 1EMBL - European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom. aje@ebi.ac.uk

BMC Genomics
|June 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzes microRNA (miRNA) evolution in 80 animal species using syntenic and phylogenetic methods. The findings offer new insights into miRNA repertoire evolution and genomic organization in animals.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis
11:44

Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis

Published on: March 30, 2019

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
06:16

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools
09:29

A Complete Pipeline for Isolating and Sequencing MicroRNAs, and Analyzing Them Using Open Source Tools

Published on: August 21, 2019

Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis
11:44

Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis

Published on: March 30, 2019

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation
06:16

mirMachine: A One-Stop Shop for Plant miRNA Annotation

Published on: May 1, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key genetic regulators in animals, with their expansion linked to early bilaterian evolution.
  • Challenges in miRNA research include their small size, high similarity, and poorly defined genomic locations, hindering large-scale evolutionary analysis.
  • Previous studies focused on individual miRNA families, leaving a gap in comprehensive evolutionary resources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a large-scale resource for analyzing miRNA evolution across diverse animal species.
  • To investigate the evolutionary trajectory, birth, and death of miRNAs.
  • To explore functional relationships between miRNAs and other genes.

Main Methods:

  • Performed syntenic and phylogenetic analyses for miRNAs from 80 animal species.
  • Generated synteny maps, phylogenies, and functional data for comparative analysis.
  • Utilized computational approaches to address challenges in miRNA identification and characterization.

Main Results:

  • Presented comprehensive synteny maps, phylogenies, and functional data for animal miRNAs.
  • Established a foundational resource for large-scale miRNA evolution studies.
  • Identified patterns in miRNA distribution across phylogenetic space.

Conclusions:

  • Confirmed previously reported findings on miRNA evolution at a larger scale.
  • Provided novel insights into the evolution of the animal miRNA repertoire and its genomic organization.
  • Highlighted the utility of integrated syntenic and phylogenetic approaches for studying miRNA evolution.