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Structural validation of oral mucosal tissue using optical coherence tomography.

Zaid Hamdoon1, Waseem Jerjes, Raed Al-Delayme

  • 1Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Mosul, Iraq. zaid19772000@yahoo.com

Head & Neck Oncology
|June 8, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) successfully differentiated normal from pathological oral tissues, creating a valuable data bank. However, it could not grade oral premalignant disorders due to insufficient cellular detail.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Oral Pathology
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique utilizing near-infrared light for high-resolution cross-sectional tissue visualization.
  • OCT offers a promising approach for examining oral tissues due to its non-invasive nature and detailed imaging capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a comprehensive database of normal and pathological oral tissue OCT images.
  • To develop a diagnostic algorithm for early oral disorder detection by identifying cellular structures.
  • To assess the utility of OCT in distinguishing between normal, pathological, and different types of pathological oral tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Surgical biopsies of 78 suspicious oral lesions from 73 patients were analyzed.

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  • Ex vivo OCT scanning was performed on tissue specimens immediately after biopsy.
  • Five key tissue structures (keratin layer, epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria, microanatomy) were evaluated by trained clinicians and pathologists.

    • Main Results:

    • High accuracy was achieved in identifying the keratin cell layer (87%), epithelial layer (93.5%), and basement membrane (94%).
    • Identification rates for microanatomical structures varied: rete pegs (89%), blood vessels (64%), and salivary gland ducts (58%).
    • OCT successfully differentiated normal from pathological tissues and various pathological entities, with good inter-assessor agreement.

    Conclusions:

    • An OCT data bank of oral tissues was successfully created, aiding in the differentiation of normal and pathological conditions.
    • OCT demonstrated effectiveness in identifying diverse oral tissue pathologies.
    • Further research is necessary to determine OCT's precise accuracy in identifying a wider range of oral pathological processes.