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Updated: May 21, 2026

Studying Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling by Aortic Debanding in Rodents
Published on: July 14, 2021
Cardiac remodeling induced by smoking: concepts, relevance, and potential mechanisms
Marcos F Minicucci1, Paula S Azevedo, Bertha F Polegato
1Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP-University of Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil.
Abstract:
Cardiac or ventricular remodeling is characterized by molecular, cellular, and interstitial alterations that lead to changes in heart size, mass, geometry and function in response to a given insult. Currently, tobacco smoke exposure is recognized as one of these insults. Indeed, tobacco smoke exposure induces the enlargement of the left-sided cardiac chambers, myocardial hypertrophy, and ventricular dysfunction. Potential mechanisms for these alterations include hemodynamic and neurohormonal changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, nitric oxide bioavailability, matrix metalloproteinases and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. This review will focus on the concepts, relevance, and potential mechanisms of cardiac remodeling induced by tobacco smoke.
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