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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Identification of Key Factors Regulating Self-renewal and Differentiation in EML Hematopoietic Precursor Cells by RNA-sequencing Analysis

Identification of Key Factors Regulating Self-renewal and Differentiation in EML Hematopoietic Precursor Cells by RNA-sequencing Analysis

Published on: November 11, 2014

RNF20 and USP44 regulate stem cell differentiation by modulating H2B monoubiquitylation.

Gilad Fuchs¹, Efrat Shema, Rita Vesterman

¹Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.

|June 12, 2012

Summary

Embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation requires dynamic histone modifications. Monoubiquitylation of histone H2B (H2Bub1) increases during differentiation, promoting gene expression and efficient developmental progression.

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Retroviral Infection of Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Embryoid Body Cells for Analysis of Hematopoietic Differentiation

Retroviral Infection of Murine Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Embryoid Body Cells for Analysis of Hematopoietic Differentiation

Published on: October 20, 2014

Area of Science:

Epigenetics and Gene Regulation
Stem Cell Biology
Chromatin Biology

Background:

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) possess genomic plasticity crucial for differentiation.
Posttranscriptional histone modifications are key to maintaining ESC plasticity.
Histone H2B monoubiquitylation (H2Bub1) is a critical chromatin modification.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of H2Bub1 in ESC differentiation.
To identify regulators of H2Bub1 during ESC developmental transitions.
To understand the impact of H2Bub1 dynamics on gene transcription during differentiation.

Main Methods:

Analysis of H2Bub1 levels during ESC differentiation.
Investigating the function of the E3 ligase RNF20 in H2Bub1 deposition.
Assessing the role of deubiquitinase USP44 in H2Bub1 regulation.
Studying the transcriptional changes associated with H2Bub1 dynamics.

Main Results:

H2Bub1 levels increase during ESC differentiation, catalyzed by RNF20.
Increased H2Bub1 is essential for efficient ESC differentiation, particularly for long gene induction.
USP44 acts as a negative regulator of H2Bub1, with its downregulation contributing to rising H2Bub1 levels.

Conclusions:

Dynamic regulation of H2Bub1 is critical for successful ESC differentiation.
RNF20-mediated H2Bub1 deposition and USP44-mediated removal orchestrate H2Bub1 patterns.
Coordinated changes in H2Bub1 are required for timely and efficient execution of developmental programs in ESCs.