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Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Sheet to Reduce Leakage After Partial Colectomy in A Rat Model
Published on: August 11, 2018
Sutures enriched with adipose-derived stem cells decrease the local acute inflammation after tracheal anastomosis in
Tihomir Georgiev-Hristov1, Mariano García-Arranz, Ignacio García-Gómez
1Servicio de Cirugía General y del Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain. tihomir.hristov@gmail.com
Summary
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) delivered via biosutures reduce acute inflammation after tracheal surgery by decreasing neutrophils and increasing macrophages. This promotes an early shift from acute to chronic inflammation, improving outcomes in tracheal anastomosis.
Area of Science:
- Regenerative Medicine
- Immunology
- Surgical Innovation
Background:
- Postoperative complications in tracheal surgery often stem from local inflammatory responses and tissue tension.
- Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) possess known immunomodulatory properties, but their specific impact on acute inflammation in tracheal surgery remains largely unexplored.
- Understanding ASCs' role in modulating immune responses is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of locally applied ASCs on acute inflammation in an animal model of tracheal resection and anastomosis.
- To evaluate the efficacy of ASC-coated biosutures as a delivery method for stem cells in the surgical field.
- To analyze the cellular and histological changes in the anastomotic area following treatment with ASC-loaded biosutures.
Main Methods:
- Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) from BDIX rats were engineered to express eGFP and cultured onto Polyglactin 910 sutures to create biosutures.
- Following tracheal resection, 90 BDIX rats underwent anastomosis using either ASC-loaded biosutures (two cell densities) or conventional sutures.
- Histological and immunofluorescence analyses were conducted at multiple time points (1, 4, 10, 30, 60 days) to assess inflammatory cell infiltration and distribution.
Main Results:
- Early stages (1-4 days) post-surgery showed significantly reduced neutrophil infiltration and increased lymphocyte and plasma cell presence in biosuture groups compared to controls (P < 0.05).
- A notable increase in macrophages/monocytes was observed around blood vessels and within the biosutures in the early period for ASC-treated groups (P < 0.05).
- No significant differences in inflammation were detected in the later stages, and no adverse effects were reported in the biosuture groups.
Conclusions:
- ASC-loaded biosutures provide a convenient method for delivering stem cells to the surgical site without altering standard surgical procedures.
- ASCs effectively suppress local acute inflammation in tracheal anastomosis by modulating macrophage and neutrophil activity.
- The application of ASCs facilitates an early transition from acute to chronic inflammatory responses, potentially mitigating postoperative complications.
