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Related Concept Videos

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones01:29

Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers01:24

Local Anesthetics: Differential Sensitivity of Nerve Fibers

Local anesthetics (LAs) block the sodium channels of nerve trunks, sensory nerve endings, and neuromuscular junctions. Although LAs can block all kinds of nerves, the sensitivity of nerve fibers differs according to nerve types and structures. LAs are known to block myelinated fibers faster than unmyelinated ones. Also, they block pain or sensory neurons at low concentrations without affecting the motor neurons involved in muscle contractions. This helps relieve labor pain without affecting the...
Diabetic Neuropathy01:22

Diabetic Neuropathy

DefinitionDiabetic neuropathy is nerve damage caused by long-standing diabetes mellitus. It results directly from prolonged high blood sugar levels.PathophysiologyThe pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy involves both metabolic and vascular disturbances triggered by chronic hyperglycemia.Metabolic injury: Elevated glucose levels activate the polyol pathway within nerve cells, leading to the accumulation of sorbitol and fructose. This increases oxidative stress, disrupts normal nerve...
Neuromuscular Junction And Blockade01:29

Neuromuscular Junction And Blockade

The site of chemical communication between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber is called the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The end of the motor neuron at the NMJ divides into a cluster of synaptic end bulbs. The cytoplasm of these bulbs consists of synaptic vesicles enclosing acetylcholine molecules, the principal neurotransmitter released at the NMJ. The region opposite the synaptic bulb that ends in the muscle fiber is called the motor end plate, which has acetylcholine receptors. Within the...
Nociception01:44

Nociception

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain. Thus, pain helps the...
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The Neuromuscular Junction

The nervous system consists of complex motor neuron circuits, including upper motor neurons originating from the cerebral cortex and lower motor neurons starting in the spinal cord, coordinating both voluntary and involuntary movements. Among these, somatic motor neurons activate skeletal muscles and are classified into alpha, beta, and gamma types. Alpha neurons are vital for voluntary movement coordination, while gamma neurons adjust muscle spindle sensitivity, and the function of beta...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Novel Surgical Rodent Model for Studying Neuroma Pain Treatment Options using Targeted Muscle Reinnervation Through the Saphenous Nerve
07:00

Novel Surgical Rodent Model for Studying Neuroma Pain Treatment Options using Targeted Muscle Reinnervation Through the Saphenous Nerve

Published on: November 14, 2025

Painful neuromas.

Kanishka Rajput1, Sapna Reddy, Hariharan Shankar

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.

The Clinical Journal of Pain
|June 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Painful neuromas, a consequence of nerve injury, cause significant suffering. Ultrasound imaging offers cost-effective diagnosis and localization, guiding various treatment options for effective pain management.

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Novel Surgical Rodent Model for Studying Neuroma Pain Treatment Options using Targeted Muscle Reinnervation Through the Saphenous Nerve
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Area of Science:

  • Pain Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Neuromas arise from peripheral nerve injury as part of the healing process.
  • Painful neuromas can lead to severe pain, disability, and reduced quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a topical review of existing literature on painful neuromas.
  • To summarize current understanding of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive MEDLINE search using keywords: neuroma, pain, diagnosis, treatment.
  • Exclusion of acoustic and intraabdominal neuromas.
  • Review of reference lists from identified articles.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound imaging provides accurate, cost-effective diagnosis and localization of painful neuromas.
  • Multiple management strategies exist, including pharmacotherapy, injections, and ablative techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Painful neuromas are a significant clinical challenge requiring effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
  • Ultrasound-guided interventions enhance the precision and success of neuromas treatment.
  • This review synthesizes evidence for current management options, emphasizing percutaneous interventions.