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Related Concept Videos

Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation
05:42

Z-Scores for Assessing Ovarian Reserve in Young Patients Undergoing Fertility Preservation

Published on: October 25, 2024

Assessing gonadal function after childhood ovarian surgery.

Amy Zhai1, Jason Axt, Emma C Hamilton

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-9780, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|June 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Unilateral oophorectomy (surgical removal of one ovary) showed no negative impact on long-term gonadal function compared to ovarian salvage. Surprisingly, oophorectomy was linked to more regular menstrual cycles post-surgery.

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Orthotopic Ovarian Transplantation Procedures to Investigate the Life- and Health-span Influence of Ovarian Senescence in Female Mice

Published on: February 12, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Pediatric Surgery

Background:

  • Ovarian disorders in young females often necessitate surgical intervention, raising concerns about long-term reproductive health.
  • The choice between ovarian salvage and oophorectomy (surgical removal of one ovary) can impact future gonadal function and fertility.
  • Assessing late effects on menstrual regularity is crucial for understanding the functional outcomes of these procedures in adolescents and young adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term effects of ovarian salvage versus unilateral oophorectomy on gonadal function.
  • To assess fertility outcomes, specifically menstrual regularity, following surgical treatment for ovarian disorders in young females.

Main Methods:

  • A 10-year retrospective review was conducted on females aged 20 years or younger who underwent surgery for ovarian disorders.
  • A mail survey was administered to assess the impact of ovarian surgery on menarche, menstrual regularity, and pregnancy.
  • Data were analyzed comparing outcomes between patients who had unilateral oophorectomy and those who underwent ovarian salvage.

Main Results:

  • Of 180 females who had ovarian surgery, 86 underwent unilateral oophorectomy and 94 had ovarian salvage.
  • Menarche ages were similar between groups; however, painful menses were significantly more common after ovarian salvage (59.5%) compared to oophorectomy (27.3%).
  • Continuation of regular menses post-surgery was significantly higher in the oophorectomy group (70%) than in the ovarian salvage group (15%).

Conclusions:

  • Unilateral oophorectomy does not appear to impair late gonadal function compared to ovarian salvage procedures.
  • Oophorectomy demonstrated a surprising association with maintaining more normal ovarian activity, as indicated by menstrual regularity.
  • Surgical removal of one ovary can be performed without significant adverse effects on long-term gonadal activity in young females.