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Reconfigurable plasmonic devices using liquid metals.

Jinqi Wang1, Shuchang Liu, Ajay Nahata

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.

Optics Express
|June 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers created reconfigurable plasmonic devices using liquid metal (eutectic gallium indium) in microfluidic channels. This breakthrough allows dramatic geometric changes for tunable terahertz transmission properties in a single device.

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Plasmonics
  • Metamaterials
  • Terahertz (THz) Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Plasmonic devices offer unique light-matter interaction properties.
  • Achieving reconfigurability in plasmonic devices is crucial for advanced applications.
  • Traditional plasmonic devices often have fixed geometries, limiting their tunability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel method for creating dynamically reconfigurable plasmonic devices.
  • To investigate the tunability of terahertz (THz) transmission through subwavelength apertures with reconfigurable plasmonic structures.
  • To establish a foundation for developing more complex, adaptable plasmonic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) bullseye mold on a gold-coated substrate.

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  • Utilizing eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), a room-temperature liquid metal, injected/withdrawn from microfluidic channels.
  • Characterization of transmission properties using terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy on devices with varying EGaIn ring configurations.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimental demonstration of significant geometric changes in plasmonic devices.
    • Measurement of enhanced transmission properties of a subwavelength aperture surrounded by reconfigurable EGaIn rings.
    • Confirmation of true reconfigurability by altering device geometry (single vs. multiple rings) within a single device.
    • Validation of experimental observations using a simple time-domain model.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel, reconfigurable plasmonic device platform using liquid metal has been successfully demonstrated.
    • The device exhibits tunable THz transmission properties based on its dynamically altered geometry.
    • This work represents a significant advancement towards the development of complex, reconfigurable plasmonic devices.