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Enhanced second-harmonic generation from double resonant plasmonic antennae.

Krishnan Thyagarajan1, Simon Rivier, Andrea Lovera

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We developed a novel double resonant antenna (DRA) for enhanced second-harmonic generation (SHG). This plasmonic antenna boosts both SHG generation and far-field re-emission compared to standard designs.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasmonics
  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Nanophotonics

Background:

  • Plasmonic antennas enhance light-matter interactions at the nanoscale.
  • Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a key nonlinear optical process for frequency conversion.
  • Efficient SHG requires strong localized electromagnetic fields and optimized antenna designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and optimize a novel double resonant antenna (DRA) geometry for enhanced second-harmonic generation (SHG).
  • To investigate the coupling and spatial overlap of localized hot spots in the DRA for improved nonlinear response.
  • To compare the performance of the DRA with standard plasmonic dipole antennas for SHG.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical design and simulation of the double resonant antenna (DRA).
  • Fabrication of DRA structures using electron beam lithography in aluminum.
  • Experimental characterization of linear and nonlinear optical responses, including SHG efficiency.

Main Results:

  • The DRA exhibits coupled resonances at fundamental and doubled frequencies.
  • Enhanced coupling and spatial overlap of localized hot spots were achieved.
  • Significantly increased SHG generation and far-field re-emission were observed compared to dipole antennas.

Conclusions:

  • The double resonant antenna (DRA) is a highly effective geometry for enhancing second-harmonic generation (SHG).
  • The DRA design enables efficient frequency conversion through optimized plasmonic field confinement and coupling.
  • This work paves the way for advanced nanophotonic devices utilizing enhanced nonlinear optical processes.