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Cardiovascular responses to treadmill exercise in Nigerian hypertensives with left ventricular hypertrophy

S A Ogunyemi1, M O Balogun, A O Akintomide

  • 1Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. yemisuraj@yahoo.co.uk

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
|June 22, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) significantly impairs exercise capacity in Nigerian adults. Early recognition of LVH is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies against this cardiac risk factor.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a significant independent risk factor for adverse cardiac events in patients with hypertension.
  • Understanding the impact of LVH on cardiovascular function is critical for managing hypertensive individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cardiovascular responses during treadmill exercise in Nigerian hypertensive patients with echocardiographically confirmed LVH.
  • To compare exercise capacity and cardiovascular parameters between hypertensive patients with and without LVH and normotensive controls.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 50 hypertensive patients with LVH, 50 hypertensive patients without LVH, and 50 age/sex-matched normotensive controls in Nigeria.
  • Utilized M-mode, 2-D, and Doppler echocardiography for LVH assessment and the Bruce protocol for treadmill exercise testing.

Main Results:

  • Maximal oxygen consumption (MVO2) and exercise duration were progressively reduced in normotensive controls, hypertensive patients without LVH, and hypertensive patients with LVH (P<0.0001).
  • Hypertensive patients, particularly those with LVH, exhibited increased systolic blood pressure and pressure-rate product, with a blunted heart rate response during maximal exercise compared to controls (P<0.003).

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension, with or without LVH, leads to a significant reduction in exercise capacity compared to normotensive individuals.
  • Earlier identification and better understanding of LVH are essential for advancing therapeutic strategies to mitigate cardiovascular risks.
Abstract

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