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Related Concept Videos

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
ICS work through a multifaceted mechanism of action. They suppress the inflammatory response caused by the proliferation of TH cells. They also reduce the transcription of the IL-2 gene, which is involved in the...
Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce relaxation in these...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Steroid-resistant asthma.

Robert P Yim1, Anastassios C Koumbourlis

  • 1Division of Pulmonary & Sleep Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC 20010, USA.

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews
|June 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) is poorly controlled asthma unresponsive to corticosteroids. This review examines SRA definitions, phenotypes, molecular causes, treatments, and proposes child-friendly diagnostic criteria.

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
14:39

Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma

Published on: November 4, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Steroid-resistant asthma (SRA) presents a significant clinical challenge, characterized by minimal or no response to high-dose corticosteroid therapy.
  • Defining and diagnosing SRA is complex, often overlapping with severe or difficult-to-control asthma.
  • Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on steroid-resistant asthma.
  • To critically evaluate the definition and diagnostic criteria for SRA, particularly in pediatric populations.
  • To explore SRA phenotypes, molecular underpinnings, and emerging treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of SRA-related studies.
  • Analysis of existing criteria for SRA diagnosis.
  • Synthesis of information on SRA phenotypes, molecular basis, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • The definition of SRA is often ambiguous and associated with severe asthma.
  • Current diagnostic criteria for SRA have limitations, especially for children.
  • Diverse phenotypes and molecular pathways contribute to SRA.

Conclusions:

  • A revised set of criteria for SRA diagnosis in children is proposed to improve applicability.
  • Further research into SRA phenotypes and molecular targets is needed.
  • Optimizing SRA management requires a nuanced approach considering individual patient characteristics.