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Updated: May 21, 2026

Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination
Published on: July 7, 2016
Gastrocnemius recession or tendo-achilles lengthening for equinus deformity in the diabetic foot?
Robert M Greenhagen1, Adam R Johnson, Nicholas J Bevilacqua
1Foot and Ankle Center of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA. robert.m.greenhagen@dmu.edu
Abstract:
Contracture of the Achilles-gastrocnemius-soleus complex leading to ankle equinus has been linked to the development of various foot disorders. Decrease in ankle dorsiflexion results in an increase in plantar pressures and in diabetes and neuropathy, increased pressures can lead to ulceration and possibly the formation of Charcot foot. Surgical management of the equinus deformity corrects this abnormality and has the potential to avert the development of Charcot foot or ankle. Gastrocnemius recession, tendo-Achilles lengthening, and Achilles tenotomy have all been offered as surgical solutions to this condition. This article reviews ankle equinus and compares the treatment options available. A video of Hoke's triple hemisection has been included with this article and can be viewed at www.podiatric.theclinics.com.
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