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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the exudate's...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...

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Delayed Intramyocardial Delivery of Stem Cells after Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in a Murine Model
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Cardiovascular biomaterials: when the inflammatory response helps to efficiently restore tissue functionality?

F Boccafoschi1, C Mosca, M Cannas

  • 1Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, "A. Avogadro", 28100, Novara, Italy.

Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
|June 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding the body's reaction to implants is key for biocompatible medical devices. This review explores how biomaterial properties influence inflammation and healing, focusing on cardiovascular applications.

Keywords:
cardiovascular biomaterialsdevice implantationinflammatory responsesynthetic polymerswound healing responses

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Evaluating host response to implanted materials is crucial for determining the safety and biocompatibility of biomedical devices.
  • Introduction of biomaterials triggers inflammatory and wound healing processes involving leukocytes, cytokines, and growth factors.
  • The foreign body reaction (FBR) is a complex biological response to foreign materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the foreign body reaction.
  • To understand how cytokines influence the inflammatory response to implanted devices.
  • To review how biomaterial properties modulate the host response, with a focus on cardiovascular applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cellular and molecular mechanisms in FBR.
  • Analysis of cytokine roles in modulating inflammatory responses.
  • Examination of biomaterial surface properties (wettability, chemistry, geometry) and their impact on FBR.
  • Specific focus on synthetic polymers in cardiovascular devices.

Main Results:

  • Biomaterial implantation initiates an inflammatory cascade involving immune cells and signaling molecules.
  • Cytokines play a significant role in orchestrating the foreign body reaction and subsequent healing.
  • Surface properties of biomaterials, including wettability, chemistry, and topography, critically influence host response.
  • Synthetic polymers in cardiovascular applications present challenges like thrombogenicity and infection risk.

Conclusions:

  • Biomaterial properties significantly modulate the host's biological response, impacting device safety and efficacy.
  • Understanding FBR mechanisms is essential for designing improved biomaterials, especially for cardiovascular implants.
  • Further research into novel materials and strategies is needed to overcome limitations of current biomaterials in medical devices.