Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 23, 2026
06:47
Isolation and Analysis of Plasma Lipoproteins by Ultracentrifugation
Published on: January 28, 2021
Changes in lipoprotein profiles during intense military training
B L Smoak1, J P Norton, E W Ferguson
1Department of Military Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition
|December 1, 1990
Summary
Intense military training significantly alters lipoprotein profiles in Navy trainees. Even with high-fat diets, physical conditioning and severe stress impact cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Cardiovascular Health
- Nutritional Biochemistry
Background:
- Lipoprotein concentrations are key indicators of cardiovascular risk.
- Intense physical training and stress can significantly impact physiological markers.
- Understanding these effects is crucial for military personnel health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of intense military training on lipoprotein profiles.
- To assess changes after physical conditioning and severe stress.
- To correlate these changes with dietary intake.
Main Methods:
- Monitored 44 Navy trainees over 5 weeks of physical conditioning and 5 days of intense stress.
- Collected dietary intake and lipoprotein profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL) before and after training phases.
- Analyzed changes in body weight, diet composition, and lipid concentrations.
Main Results:
- Physical conditioning increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) by 31%.
- Severe stress decreased total cholesterol (17.2%) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (30%), while increasing HDL (12.1%).
- No significant changes in body weight were observed, despite high saturated fat and cholesterol intake.
Conclusions:
- Both long-term physical conditioning and short-term intense stress induce significant changes in lipoprotein profiles.
- These alterations occur even with consistently high intakes of energy, fat, and cholesterol.
- Findings highlight the profound impact of strenuous military training on cardiovascular risk factors.
Related Concept Videos
01:31Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body
Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, delayed...
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin, delayed...
01:20Exercise and Cardiovascular Response
Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
01:24Overview of Lipid Metabolism
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
01:24Lipid Absorption
Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
01:25Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile
Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
01:25Lipid Catabolism
Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...