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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
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A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro

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Bone mineralization in celiac disease.

Tiziana Larussa1, Evelina Suraci, Immacolata Nazionale

  • 1Department of Health Science, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", University Campus of Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.

Gastroenterology Research and Practice
|June 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Celiac disease (CD) is linked to low bone mineral density (BMD), often due to malabsorption. A gluten-free diet (GFD) improves BMD, but other factors may also impact bone health in CD patients.

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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
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Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Hepatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD).
  • The exact mechanisms causing bone derangement in CD are not fully understood.
  • Intestinal malabsorption is a primary factor in symptomatic CD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between celiac disease and bone mineral density.
  • To investigate the pathogenesis of bone loss in celiac disease.
  • To evaluate the impact of a gluten-free diet on bone health in CD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on celiac disease and bone mineral density.
  • Analysis of the role of intestinal malabsorption in bone derangement.
  • Discussion of potential alternative mechanisms beyond nutrient malabsorption.

Main Results:

  • Low BMD in CD is linked to intestinal malabsorption.
  • Gluten-free diet (GFD) improves BMD by reversing malabsorption.
  • GFD may not fully normalize BMD in all patients, suggesting other contributing factors.

Conclusions:

  • While GFD improves BMD in celiac disease, other factors like inflammation and bone remodeling imbalances are implicated.
  • Further research is needed on optimal DXA screening strategies and the role of supplements.