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Updated: May 21, 2026

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Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection
Published on: February 1, 2022
A sensitive dual signal amplification method for western blotting based on antibody-functionalised graphene oxide and
Hongjun Lin1, Jingrui Huo, Aihong Zhang
1State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China.
The Analyst
|June 28, 2012
Abstract:
In this study, we report an ultrasensitive western blotting method using antibody-functionalised graphene oxide sheets and gold nanoparticles. Additionally, the cost is reduced greatly by conjugating two different primary antibodies on gold nanoparticles (C. Welinder and L. Ekblad, J. Proteome Res., 2011, 10, 1416-1419).
Related Concept Videos
Western Blotting
Western blotting is an analytical technique for protein identification. It has various applications in immunology and medicine, including detecting diseases like bovine spongiform encephalopathy, mad cow disease, and human and feline immunodeficiency virus from biological samples.
The technique begins with separating proteins from the sample using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), followed by protein transfer, immunoblotting, and finally, protein detection.
The technique begins with separating proteins from the sample using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), followed by protein transfer, immunoblotting, and finally, protein detection.
Immunogold Electron Microscopy
Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.

