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Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

High-Dimensionality Flow Cytometry for Immune Function Analysis of Dissected Implant Tissues

High-Dimensionality Flow Cytometry for Immune Function Analysis of Dissected Implant Tissues

Published on: September 15, 2021

Imaging flow cytometry: coping with heterogeneity in biological systems.

Natasha S Barteneva¹, Elizaveta Fasler-Kan, Ivan A Vorobjev

¹Immune Disease Institute and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. barteneva@idi.harvard.edu

The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry : Official Journal of the Histochemistry Society

|June 29, 2012

Summary

Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) offers detailed cellular analysis, combining microscopy and flow cytometry. This technique enables precise identification and quantification of rare cellular events and subcellular protein distribution.

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Last Updated: May 21, 2026

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Published on: September 29, 2023

Area of Science:

Cellular biology
Biotechnology
Analytical chemistry

Background:

Traditional methods like Western blotting and flow cytometry (FC) have limitations in analyzing complex cellular populations.
High-throughput fluorescent microscopy (HTFM) offers advancements but may lack the single-cell resolution of IFC.
Analyzing heterogeneous cell populations, especially those with low-expression components, presents significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the advantages of Imaging Flow Cytometry (IFC) over traditional and emerging analytical techniques.
To highlight IFC's capability in multiparametric fluorescent and morphological analysis of cellular events.
To discuss the application of IFC in addressing statistical analysis of subcellular protein distribution.

Main Methods:

Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) platforms integrating flow cytometry, fluorescent microscopy, and advanced data processing.
Multiparametric analysis of thousands of cellular events, including fluorescent and morphological data.
Identification of cellular events using their real images.

Main Results:

IFC provides high-resolution imaging and quantitative data for thousands of cells simultaneously.
The technique excels in analyzing heterogeneous cell populations, including those with rare (<0.03%) components.
IFC enables accurate statistical analysis of subcellular protein localization.

Conclusions:

IFC offers significant advantages over Western blotting, FC, and HTFM for detailed cellular analysis.
The ability to image and quantify individual cells makes IFC ideal for studying rare events and subcellular distributions.
Further developments in IFC promise enhanced capabilities for biological research.