[Cardiac tamponade with anterior interventricular vein thrombosis complicating central venous catheter insertion in a...

Tamponade is a rare but particularly serious complication of central venous catheters in the newborn. Tamponade can be due to the endocardic aggression caused by the continuous flow of a hyperosmotic solution or by a mechanical injury that can result in perforation of the atrial wall. The risk of tamponade is present whatever is the position of the tip of the catheter, although it has been shown that this risk is increased when this tip is in the right auricle. The originality of our observation is the discovery at the post-mortem examination of an anterior interventricular vein thrombosis, without any lesion of the atrial wall. In the event of the diagnosis of tamponade in living newborn, this etiology must be required because of its therapeutic implications.