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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacovigilance01:19

Pharmacovigilance

Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Handheld Metal Detector Screening for Metallic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children
04:55

Handheld Metal Detector Screening for Metallic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children

Published on: September 11, 2018

[Pharmacovigilance in children].

E Autret-Leca1, M-S Marchand, H Cissoko

  • 1Service de pharmacologie clinique, centre régional de pharmacovigilance et d'information sur le médicament, CHRU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France. autret-leca@med.univ-tours.fr

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|July 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric drug safety requires considering off-label use and long-term effects. Despite unique risks, children generally experience better drug safety than adults, with fewer alerts in France recently.

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Handheld Metal Detector Screening for Metallic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children
04:55

Handheld Metal Detector Screening for Metallic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children

Published on: September 11, 2018

Developmental Toxicity Assay Based on Real-Time Monitoring of Fibroblast Growth Factor Signal Disruption in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Published on: October 10, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pharmacology and pharmacovigilance.
  • Adverse drug event monitoring in pediatric populations.

Context:

  • Drug safety in children is complex, influenced by "off-label" prescriptions, growth dynamics, and potential long-term neurodevelopmental or growth consequences.
  • Pharmacovigilance relies on spontaneous reporting and pharmacoepidemiology within risk management plans.
  • Pediatric drug safety profiles are affected by factors including country, study setting (inpatient/outpatient), and patient age.

Purpose:

  • To analyze the specific challenges and outcomes of drug safety monitoring in pediatric populations.
  • To compare the incidence and nature of drug-related alerts in children versus adults.

Summary:

  • Children exhibit distinct pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, increasing drug risk, yet overall drug safety is superior to adults.
  • Commonly implicated drug classes include antibiotics, central nervous system, respiratory, and dermatologic agents, with gastrointestinal and neurological systems as primary targets.
  • Neonatal side effects are often linked to prenatal exposure to psychotropic drugs, beta-blockers, and antiepileptics.
  • Off-label prescribing is a recognized concern in pediatric care.
  • Recent data from France indicate a lower frequency of pediatric drug alerts compared to adults, involving specific medications and vaccines.

Impact:

  • Highlights the need for tailored pharmacovigilance strategies in pediatrics.
  • Informs healthcare providers about common adverse drug reactions and target organs in children.
  • Provides evidence for improved pediatric drug safety outcomes and regulatory alert trends.