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Trisomy 8 in leukemia: A GCRI experience.

Sonal R Bakshi¹, Manisha M Brahmbhatt, Pina J Trivedi

¹Department of Cancer Biology, Cell Biology Division, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, NCH Campus, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Indian Journal of Human Genetics

|July 4, 2012

Summary

Trisomy 8, an extra copy of chromosome 8, is common in leukemia and other cancers. This chromosomal abnormality can influence disease progression and patient prognosis, warranting further investigation into its role.

Keywords:

Acute myeloid leukemia cytogenetics trisomy 8

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Area of Science:

Cytogenetics
Cancer Biology
Hematology

Background:

Trisomy of chromosome 8 is frequently observed in myeloid disorders, lymphoid neoplasms, and solid tumors, indicating a general role in neoplastic progression.
It often acts as a secondary, disease-modulating event, contributing to clinical heterogeneity and prognosis modification when present with other chromosomal abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

To report findings of trisomy 8 in leukemia patients undergoing cytogenetic assessment.
To analyze the frequency and context of trisomy 8 in relation to different leukemia types and other chromosomal aberrations.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 60 leukemia cases with trisomy 8 between January 2005 and September 2008.
GTG banding and karyotyping of unstimulated bone marrow or blood samples according to ISCN 2005 standards.

Main Results:

Trisomy 8 was identified in chronic myeloid leukemia (36 cases), acute myeloid leukemia (17 cases), and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (7 cases).
In most cases (47/60), trisomy 8 occurred alongside other chromosomal aberrations like t(9;22) and t(15;17). Trisomy 8 was the sole anomaly in 7 patients.
Constitutional trisomy 8 was rare, observed in only one patient.

Conclusions:

Trisomy 8 is a significant secondary chromosomal aberration in various leukemias, impacting disease characteristics.
Further studies, including constitutional analysis and uniparental disomy investigation, are needed to fully understand the role of an extra chromosome 8 in disease progression and survival.