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Updated: May 20, 2026
09:09
A Method for Targeted 16S Sequencing of Human Milk Samples
Published on: March 23, 2018
Breast, milk and microbes: a complex relationship that does not end with lactation
Camilla Urbaniak1, Jeremy P Burton, Gregor Reid
1Human Microbiology & Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON N6A 4V2, Canada.
Women'S Health (London, England)
|July 5, 2012
Summary
Human breast milk contains a diverse community of microbes, originating from the mother's skin, oral cavity, and gut. Infant formula lacks these beneficial bacteria, raising questions about infant health and development.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Human Health
- Lactation Biology
Background:
- The presence and extent of microbiota in human breast milk were historically underestimated.
- Recent studies reveal a significant microbial presence in breast milk, with origins from maternal skin, oral cavity, and gut translocation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the implications of breast milk microbiota for infant health.
- To investigate the composition and dynamics of breast milk microbiota throughout a woman's life.
- To understand the short- and long-term effects of breast milk microbes on the host.
Main Methods:
- High-throughput sequencing techniques were employed to identify microbial communities.
- Culture-based studies were utilized to complement sequencing data.
- Comparative analysis between breast milk and infant formula was considered.
Main Results:
- Human milk harbors an extensive and diverse range of microbes.
- The origin of breast milk microbiota is multifactorial, including maternal skin, oral cavity, and gut translocation.
- Current infant formulas lack the natural microbial diversity found in breast milk.
Conclusions:
- The absence of breast milk microbiota in formula-fed infants may deprive them of crucial health benefits.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the colonization patterns and functional roles of breast milk microbiota.
- Understanding breast milk microbial dynamics is vital for advancing women's and infant health.
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