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Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
08:51

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla

Published on: February 19, 2021

Very early MS--insights from MRI.

Jack Simon1

  • 1Portland VA Medical Center, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA. jack.simon3@va.gov

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|July 5, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers crucial insights into early multiple sclerosis (MS) by detecting subtle gray matter changes. Advanced MRI techniques may soon reveal the very earliest stages of this neuroinflammatory disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) research increasingly utilizes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study early disease stages.
  • Recent pathology findings highlight early meningeal and cortical inflammation in MS.
  • MRI is vital for evaluating clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), a potential early MS manifestation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of advanced MRI in understanding the earliest pathological changes in MS.
  • To bridge the gap between MRI findings and recent pathology insights into cortical and meningeal inflammation.
  • To investigate heterogeneous patient populations, including CIS and radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS), for earlier MS detection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology.

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Real-time Video Projection in an MRI for Characterization of Neural Correlates Associated with Mirror Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
08:51

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Published on: February 19, 2021

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

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Real-time Video Projection in an MRI for Characterization of Neural Correlates Associated with Mirror Therapy for Phantom Limb Pain
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  • Evaluating patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS).
  • Assessing sub-populations of CIS and patients with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS).

    • Main Results:

    • MRI reveals gray matter pathology more prominently than white matter in early MS.
    • Quantitative MRI changes often precede atrophy in early MS.
    • Current MRI techniques can detect abnormalities in deep gray matter and cortical gray matter.

    Conclusions:

    • Advanced MRI is essential for understanding the earliest inflammatory and demyelinating processes in MS.
    • Further research with advanced MRI may provide in vivo insights into truly early or pre-clinical MS.
    • Heterogeneous patient cohorts and advanced imaging are key to unraveling early MS pathogenesis.