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Current opportunities and challenges: genome-wide association studies on pigmentation and skin cancer

Shasha Meng1, Mingfeng Zhang, Liming Liang

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research
|July 6, 2012
PubMed

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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