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Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...

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Updated: May 20, 2026

Automated Sample Multiplexing by using Combined Precursor Isotopic Labeling and Isobaric Tagging (cPILOT)
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Automated Sample Multiplexing by using Combined Precursor Isotopic Labeling and Isobaric Tagging (cPILOT)

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Matrix effect marker for multianalyte analysis by LC-MS/MS in biological samples.

Eva Tudela1, Gloria Muñoz, Jesús A Muñoz-Guerra

  • 1Doping Control Laboratory Madrid, State Anti-Doping Agency, El Greco s/n, ES-28040, Madrid, Spain.

Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
|July 6, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method to detect and reduce matrix effects in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of urine samples. This improves the accuracy of doping control tests for glucocorticoids and diuretics.

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Low Molecular Weight Protein Enrichment on Mesoporous Silica Thin Films for Biomarker Discovery

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Automated Sample Multiplexing by using Combined Precursor Isotopic Labeling and Isobaric Tagging (cPILOT)
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13:00

Low Molecular Weight Protein Enrichment on Mesoporous Silica Thin Films for Biomarker Discovery

Published on: April 17, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Matrix effects, including ion suppression and enhancement, are common in LC-MS analyses of biological samples.
  • Detecting and minimizing these effects in multianalyte testing, particularly for doping control, remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize matrix effects in urine samples for doping control.
  • To develop a novel marker for identifying compromised sample reliability due to ion suppression.
  • To introduce a selective sample preparation method to mitigate adverse matrix effects.

Main Methods:

  • Exhaustive characterization of matrix effects in 100 urine samples fortified with 41 analytes (glucocorticoids and diuretics).
  • Development and application of a novel marker to detect acute ion suppression.
  • Implementation of a selective extraction technique combined with deuterated internal standards.

Main Results:

  • Characterized matrix effects in a large cohort of urine samples.
  • Introduced a reliable marker for identifying samples affected by ion suppression.
  • Demonstrated that selective extraction and deuterated internal standards enhance the accuracy of glucocorticoid quantification.

Conclusions:

  • The novel marker and selective sample preparation strategy significantly improve the reliability and ruggedness of LC-MS analysis in doping control.
  • This approach strengthens the analytical rigor for screening purposes and accurate quantification of specific analytes.