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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

A Hepatocellular Cancer Patient-Derived Organoid Xenograft Model to Investigate Impact of Liver Regeneration on Tumor Growth

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Published on: February 2, 2024

An unusual recurrence site for HCC!

Edouard Auclin¹, Cécile Camiliéri, Olivier Dubreuil

¹Digestive oncology department, European hospital Georges-Pompidou, AH-PH, Paris, France. ed.auclin@gmail.com

Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology

|July 7, 2012

Summary

This case study highlights an unusual late recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) 9 years after initial treatment. The rare subcutaneous metastasis underscores challenges in detecting late-stage liver cancer spread.

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An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

Published on: September 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Hepatology
Oncology
Medical Case Reports

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequent primary liver malignancy.
HCC commonly metastasizes hematogenously to lungs, bones, and liver.
The incidence in France is 10 new cases per 100,000 people annually.

Observation:

A patient presented with an unusual late recurrence of HCC.
The metastasis was incidentally discovered in the subcutaneous tissue of the right gluteal fold.
Recurrence occurred 9 years after the initial diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

Findings:

This case demonstrates a rare instance of late-stage HCC metastasis.
The subcutaneous gluteal metastasis represents an atypical metastatic site for HCC.
The late presentation challenges routine clinical detection protocols for HCC recurrence.

Implications:

This case highlights the need for vigilance regarding late HCC recurrence.
Molecular analysis may offer insights into atypical HCC progression patterns.
Identifying patients with similar HCC evolutive profiles could improve prognostication and management.