Friction force measurement during cochlear implant insertion: application to a force-controlled insertion tool...

Area of Science:

• Otorhinolaryngology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Surgical Technology

Background:

• Cochlear implantation aims to preserve cochlear anatomy and residual hearing.
• Manual insertion of electrode arrays offers limited tactile feedback to surgeons.
• Developing advanced tools is crucial for improving surgical precision and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate force profiles during electrode array insertion in human cochlea specimens.
• To assess the efficacy of a mechatronic inserter equipped with a 1-axis force sensor.
• To compare sensor data with established methods for force measurement.

Main Methods:

• Hifocus 1J electrode arrays were tested using a mechatronic inserter with a 1-axis force sensor.
• Bench tests involved epoxy scala tympani models and human temporal bones.
• Friction forces were analyzed based on insertion tube material, insertion speed, and lubricant type.

Main Results:

• Plastic insertion tubes resulted in significantly lower friction forces than metal tubes (p < 0.001).
• Hyaluronic acid gel lubricant further reduced friction.
• Insertion speeds tested did not significantly affect friction forces.
• The 1-axis sensor accurately measured insertion forces, comparable to a 6-axis sensor when friction was accounted for.

Conclusions:

• A 1-axis force sensor integrated into a mechatronic inserter can effectively measure cochlear implant array insertion forces.
• This technology has the potential to provide surgeons with critical real-time feedback during procedures.
• Improved intraoperative feedback can contribute to better preservation of cochlear structures and hearing.