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A psychoeducational intervention (SWEEP) for depressed women with diabetes
Sue M Penckofer1, Carol Ferrans, Patricia Mumby
1School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA. spencko@luc.edu
Background:
Clinically significant depression is present in 25 % of individuals with type 2 diabetes, its risk being doubled in women.
Purpose:
To examine the effectiveness of the Study of Women's Emotions and Evaluation of a Psychoeducational (SWEEP), a group therapy for depression treatment based on cognitive behavioral therapy principles that was developed for women with type 2 diabetes was conducted.
Methods:
Women with significantly elevated depression symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale ≥16) were randomized to SWEEP (n = 38) or usual care (UC, n = 36).
Results:
Multilevel modeling indicated that SWEEP was more effective than UC in reducing depression (mean difference of -15 vs. -7, p < .01), decreasing trait anxiety (mean difference of -15 vs. -5, p < .01), and improving anger expression (mean difference of -12 vs. -5, p < .05). Although SWEEP and UC had improvements in fasting glucose (mean difference of -24 vs. -1 mg/dl) and HbA1c (mean difference of -0.4 vs. -0.1 %), there were no statistically significant differences between groups.
Conclusions:
SWEEP was more effective than UC for treating depressed women with type 2 diabetes. Addition of group therapy for depression meaningfully expands the armamentarium of evidence-based treatment options for women with diabetes.
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