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Related Concept Videos

Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins01:21

Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins

Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Rab Proteins01:14

Rab Proteins

Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However, invadopodia can...

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Traction Microscopy Integrated with Microfluidics for Chemotactic Collective Migration
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Evi5 promotes collective cell migration through its Rab-GAP activity.

Carl Laflamme1, Gloria Assaker, Damien Ramel

  • 1Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|July 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified Evi5, a novel regulator of membrane trafficking, essential for collective cell migration in Drosophila border cells. Evi5 controls Rab11 activity, impacting guidance receptor polarization and cell movement.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Membrane trafficking is crucial for cell migration, but its regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.
  • Collective cell migration, exemplified by Drosophila border cells, provides a model to study these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel regulators of membrane trafficking during collective cell migration.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanism of Evi5 in controlling cell migration.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a screen for Rab-GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) in Drosophila border cell migration.
  • Utilized genetic manipulation to study the function of the uncharacterized protein Evi5.
  • Investigated the interaction between Evi5 and Rab11 GTPase.

Main Results:

  • Identified Evi5 as a key regulator of membrane trafficking in Drosophila border cells.
  • Demonstrated that Evi5 functions as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for Rab11.
  • Showed that both loss and gain of Evi5 function impair border cell migration by disrupting Rab11-dependent receptor polarization.

Conclusions:

  • Evi5 is an essential regulator of collective cell migration through its Rab-GAP activity on Rab11.
  • Disruption of Evi5-Rab11 signaling impairs guidance receptor polarization, affecting cell migration.
  • Findings enhance understanding of endocytosis and cell signaling regulation during migration.