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Related Concept Videos

Galvanometer01:24

Galvanometer

Common devices, including car instrument panels, battery chargers, and inexpensive electrical instruments, measure potential difference (voltage), current, or resistance using a d'Arsonval galvanometer. This electromechanical instrument is also known as a moving coil galvanometer.
The galvanometer consists of  two concave-shaped permanent magnets, providing a uniform radial magnetic field in the annular region. In the center, a pivoted coil of fine copper wire is placed in the uniform magnetic...
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Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
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Average Velocity

To calculate the other physical quantities in kinematics, we must introduce the time variable. The time variable allows us not only to state the position of the object during its motion, but also how fast it is moving. The speed at which an object is moving is given by the rate at which the position changes with time. For each position xi, we assign a particular time ti. If the details of the motion at each instant are not important, the rate is usually expressed as the average velocity. This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy
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Picometer-Precision Atomic Position Tracking through Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 3, 2021

A high precision position sensor design and its signal processing algorithm for a maglev train.

Song Xue1, Zhiqiang Long, Ning He

  • 1College of Mechatronics Engineering and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, China. songself@126.com

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-speed maglev train positioning is enhanced using a novel discrete-time tracking differentiator (TD). This technology improves signal quality and fault tolerance for electromagnetic suspension systems.

Keywords:
high precision position sensormaglev trainsignal processingtime delay compensationtracking differentiator

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High-Speed Magnetic Tweezers for Nanomechanical Measurements on Force-Sensitive Elements
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Published on: May 12, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Engineering
  • Control Systems
  • Transportation Technology

Background:

  • High-speed maglev trains require precise positioning for safe and efficient operation.
  • Electromagnetic suspension (EMS) systems present unique challenges for accurate real-time positioning.
  • Existing position sensing technologies may suffer from signal noise and susceptibility to errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a high-precision positioning technology for EMS maglev trains.
  • To improve the signal quality and fault-tolerant capabilities of position sensors.
  • To address positioning errors caused by system components like long stator joint gaps.

Main Methods:

  • Introduction of basic position sensor structure and functions.
  • Design of key techniques to enhance positioning precision.
  • Proposal of a discrete-time tracking differentiator (TD) based on nonlinear optimal control theory.
  • Analysis of TD stability, convergence, and frequency characteristics.
  • Development of a time delay compensation algorithm.
  • Implementation of a filtering process and a two-sensor switching algorithm.

Main Results:

  • The proposed discrete-time TD demonstrates good filtering and differentiating performance with low computational load.
  • The TD is suitable for real-time signal processing in high-speed train applications.
  • An effective time delay compensation algorithm was developed and analyzed.
  • Filtering and switching algorithms successfully improved positioning signal quality under adverse conditions and eliminated joint gap errors.
  • Experimental validation on a test train confirmed the effectiveness and stability of the sensor and algorithms.

Conclusions:

  • The novel discrete-time tracking differentiator significantly enhances the precision and reliability of positioning systems for high-speed maglev trains.
  • The integrated approach of TD, filtering, and switching algorithms provides robust performance even under challenging operational conditions.
  • This technology contributes to the advancement of safe and efficient high-speed rail transportation.