Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 20, 2026

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Published on: August 11, 2008
Pattern of drug-resistance and treatment outcome in multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis
C Nagaraja1, B L Shashibhushan, Mohamed Asif
1Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Chest Diseases, BMCRI, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. rgicdtrials@gmail.com
Aims And Objectives:
To study the pattern of drug-resistance and treatment outcomes among patients with confirmed multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-PTB).
Methods:
A prospective study was conducted at Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Chest Diseases, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Between January 2005 and December 2008, 224 confirmed MDR-PTB cases were studied for various drug-resistance patterns, and their treatment outcomes were analysed until November 2010. Sputum culture and drug sensitivity tests (DST) were carried out at National Tuberculosis Institute, Bengaluru; DST was done for all first-line drugs except pyrazinamide.
Results:
Of the 224 MDR-PTB patients, 146 (65.2%) were resistant to all first-line drugs, 39 (17.4%) to isoniazid, rifampicin and streptomycin; 19 (8.5%) to isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol; and 20 (8.9%) to isoniazid and rifampicin. Among them, 145 (64.7%) patients were cured, 5 (2.2%) had treatment-failure, 10 (4.4%) died, and 64 (28.5%) defaulted. Among 145 cured cases, 100 (69%) were resistant to all first-line drugs, 23 (16%) to isoniazid, rifampicin and streptomycin, 11(8%) to isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol, and 11(8%) to isoniazid and rifampicin.
Conclusions:
The most common pattern observed in this study was resistance to all four first-line drugs followed by resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin and streptomycin. Patients resistant to all first-line drugs had early sputum culture conversion and better cure rate as compared to other resistance patterns.
Related Concept Videos
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
