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Related Concept Videos

Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
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Organization of Genes02:07

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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
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Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
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Updated: May 20, 2026

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
08:35

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

An exon-centric perspective.

Benjamin J Blencowe1

  • 1Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Molecular Genetics, Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Room 1016, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada. b.blencowe@utoronto.ca

Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire
|July 12, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alternative splicing, a key gene expression process, is highly complex and regulated in humans. Recent advances reveal coordinated exon networks, offering new insights into biological functions and diseases.

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An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

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Last Updated: May 20, 2026

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data
08:35

Identification of Alternative Splicing and Polyadenylation in RNA-seq Data

Published on: June 24, 2021

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Significant progress in understanding alternative splicing complexity and regulation over the last decade.
  • Large datasets reveal alternative splicing in 95% of human genes and thousands of regulated exons.
  • Splicing regulatory mechanisms are increasingly understood through data and computational approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an account of progress in understanding alternative splicing regulation and exon networks.
  • To discuss future directions for exon-centric research in biology and disease.
  • To highlight the inference of a predictive code for tissue-dependent alternative splicing.

Main Methods:

  • Generation and analysis of large quantitative alternative splicing profiling datasets.
  • Application of advanced computational methods for data analysis and code inference.
  • Identification of coordinately regulated exon networks in various biological contexts.

Main Results:

  • Discovery that at least 95% of multi-exon human genes undergo alternative splicing.
  • Identification of thousands of exons with striking regulatory patterns in mammalian transcriptomes.
  • Inference of a predictive code for tissue-dependent alternative splicing, revealing regulatory insights.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative splicing is a fundamental and highly regulated process in human gene expression.
  • Coordinately regulated exon networks are implicated in normal biology and disease states.
  • Future research should focus on the functions of exons within these networks and their regulatory mechanisms.