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Updated: May 20, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Diffusion tensor imaging in autism spectrum disorder: a review.

Brittany G Travers¹, Nagesh Adluru, Chad Ennis

¹Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA. btravers@wisc.edu

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research

|July 13, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often show differences in white matter tracts, including decreased fractional anisotropy and increased diffusivity, particularly in the corpus callosum and temporal lobe.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neuroscience
Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

White matter tracts are crucial for brain communication and neuronal network function.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition.
Understanding white matter integrity is key to understanding ASD pathophysiology.

Purpose of the Study:

To review diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) methods for examining white matter.
To provide an overview of studies on white matter integrity in ASD.
To discuss clinical implications and future research.

Main Methods:

Review of 48 studies investigating white matter in individuals with ASD.
Analysis of diffusion tensor imaging findings, including fractional anisotropy and diffusivity metrics.
Examination of specific white matter tracts such as the corpus callosum and cingulum.

Main Results:

Individuals with ASD commonly exhibit decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased mean diffusivity (MD) in white matter tracts.
These changes are most consistent in the corpus callosum, cingulum, and temporal lobe regions.
Atypical lateralization and developmental trajectories of white matter microstructure are suggested in ASD.

Conclusions:

White matter abnormalities are a significant feature in autism spectrum disorder.
DTI reveals consistent patterns of altered white matter integrity across various brain regions in ASD.
Further research is needed to elucidate the clinical implications and developmental aspects of these findings.