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A hydrogel derived from decellularized dermal extracellular matrix.

Matthew T Wolf1, Kerry A Daly, Ellen P Brennan-Pierce

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.

Biomaterials
|July 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels from different tissues show varied properties. Dermal ECM hydrogels offer better mechanical strength and support muscle cell growth, aiding tissue repair.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Extracellular matrix (ECM) from mammalian tissues serves as a scaffold for tissue repair and reconstruction.
  • ECM hydrogels offer advantages like injectability and inherent bioactivity but their material properties and effects on cell behavior are not well understood.
  • Controlling ECM hydrogel properties is crucial for optimizing tissue regeneration outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare and characterize ECM hydrogels from decellularized porcine dermis and urinary bladder tissues.
  • To determine the structure, mechanics, and in vitro/in vivo cell response of these ECM hydrogels.
  • To investigate how scaffold tissue source influences ECM hydrogel properties and cell behavior.

Main Methods:

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  • Preparation of ECM hydrogels from decellularized porcine dermal and urinary bladder tissues.
  • Characterization of hydrogel structure, mechanical properties (fiber architecture, integrity, concentration-dependent mechanics).
  • In vitro assessment of C2C12 myoblast fusion, fibroblast infiltration, and contraction; in vivo implantation in rat abdominal wall defects to evaluate host cell infiltration, degradation, and myogenesis.
  • Main Results:

    • Dermal ECM hydrogels exhibited denser fiber architecture and greater mechanical integrity than urinary bladder ECM hydrogels.
    • ECM concentration influenced mechanical properties in a dose-dependent manner for dermal ECM hydrogels.
    • In vitro, dermal ECM hydrogels promoted C2C12 myoblast fusion while reducing fibroblast infiltration and contraction compared to urinary bladder ECM hydrogels.
    • Both hydrogels were infiltrated by host cells (macrophages) in vivo and degraded within 35 days, with urinary bladder ECM hydrogels degrading faster and showing more myogenesis.

    Conclusions:

    • ECM hydrogel properties can be modulated by the choice of tissue source (e.g., dermis vs. urinary bladder).
    • These variations in ECM hydrogel properties significantly impact cellular behavior, including myoblast fusion, fibroblast activity, and host tissue response.
    • The findings highlight the potential for tailoring ECM hydrogels from specific tissues to achieve desired outcomes in regenerative medicine applications.