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Related Concept Videos

The Availability Heuristic01:08

The Availability Heuristic

A heuristic is a general problem-solving framework (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974). You can think of these as mental shortcuts that are used to solve problems. Different types of heuristics are used in different types of situations, and the impulse to use a heuristic occurs when one of five conditions is met (Pratkanis, 1989):

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 20, 2026

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities
12:33

High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities

Published on: November 15, 2013

[Not Available].

A Sauvanet

    Journal De Chirurgie
    |July 17, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Extended lymphadenectomy in pancreatic cancer surgery did not improve survival in randomized trials but may offer long-term benefits. Further evaluation is needed for loco-regional recurrence rates.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Surgical Oncology
    • Gastrointestinal Surgery

    Context:

    • Pancreatic adenocarcinoma surgery often involves lymph node dissection.
    • Lymph node involvement is a key prognostic indicator in pancreatic cancer.
    • Previous retrospective studies suggested survival benefits from extended lymphadenectomy.

    Purpose:

    • To evaluate the survival benefit of extended lymphadenectomy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
    • To assess the impact of extended lymphadenectomy on post-operative complications and recurrence patterns.

    Summary:

    • Four randomized trials assessed extended lymphadenectomy, including dissection of the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and para-aortic nodes.
    • Overall, extended lymphadenectomy did not demonstrate a significant survival benefit.
    • Transiently increased post-operative diarrhea was noted, but the effect on loco-regional recurrence remains unevaluated.

    Impact:

    • Extended lymphadenectomy did not improve overall survival in pancreatic cancer patients across multiple trials.
    • Despite no overall survival benefit, a trend towards better long-term survival was observed in the largest trial, suggesting potential benefits in specific patient groups.
    • The technique's role in managing loco-regional recurrence requires further investigation.