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Related Concept Videos

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
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Plasmids01:28

Plasmids

Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

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Digital PCR-based Competitive Index for High-throughput Analysis of Fitness in Salmonella
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A DNA barcode for Piroplasmea.

Huitian Gou1, Guiquan Guan, Aihong Liu

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Gansu, PR China.

Acta Tropica
|July 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Identifying Piroplasma species is challenging. This study evaluated DNA regions for molecular identification, finding the Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) to be the most effective DNA barcode for Piroplasma species distinction.

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Area of Science:

  • Parasitology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Morphological identification of Piroplasma species is difficult, necessitating reliable molecular tools.
  • Previous phylogenetic studies used 18S rRNA and other genes but struggled with comprehensive species discrimination.
  • Accurate species identification is crucial for understanding Piroplasma diversity and impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of eight DNA regions as potential DNA barcodes for Piroplasma species identification.
  • To identify the most suitable DNA barcode for accurate and efficient Piroplasma species distinction.
  • To establish a robust molecular tool for Piroplasma taxonomy.

Main Methods:

  • Collected and analyzed 484 Piroplasma sequences from new data and GenBank.
  • Evaluated eight DNA regions, including 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS regions, and COI genes, as DNA barcodes.
  • Assessed candidate DNA regions based on Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBOL) criteria.

Main Results:

  • The Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 (ITS2) region demonstrated 100% PCR amplification efficiency.
  • ITS2 exhibited an ideal sequence length and the largest divergence gap between intra- and inter-specific variations.
  • ITS2 achieved 98% identification efficiency at the genus level and 92% at the species level.

Conclusions:

  • The ITS2 region is proposed as the most suitable DNA barcode for Piroplasma based on the evaluated criteria and current database.
  • ITS2 offers a reliable molecular tool for overcoming the challenges in Piroplasma species identification.
  • This finding supports advancements in Piroplasma research, diagnostics, and control strategies.